Which is a clinical feature of renal failure?

Which is a clinical feature of renal failure?

• A. Volume overload
• B. Hyperglycemia
• C. Weight gain
• D. Dehydration

Answer: (A)

Impaired excretion of sodium and water in renal failure causes volume overload. When the kidneys can’t eliminate fluid effectively, extracellular fluid accumulates, leading to edema, high blood pressure, and, if the excess fluid is in the lungs, shortness of breath from pulmonary edema. That fluid-retention picture is the hallmark of renal failure’s clinical presentation. Hyperglycemia isn’t a direct feature of renal failure, dehydration suggests fluid loss rather than retention, and while weight gain can occur, it often reflects the underlying fluid overload rather than being a distinct renal-failure feature itself.

Impaired excretion of sodium and water in renal failure causes volume overload. When the kidneys can’t eliminate fluid effectively, extracellular fluid accumulates, leading to edema, high blood pressure, and, if the excess fluid is in the lungs, shortness of breath from pulmonary edema. That fluid-retention picture is the hallmark of renal failure’s clinical presentation.

Hyperglycemia isn’t a direct feature of renal failure, dehydration suggests fluid loss rather than retention, and while weight gain can occur, it often reflects the underlying fluid overload rather than being a distinct renal-failure feature itself.