Emergency Medicine Exam 1 Practice

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• What term describes a direct venom effect presenting with GI disturbances and bronchospasm?
• Which rare blood disorder is characterized by widespread microvascular thrombosis causing thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia?
• After controlling bleeding, what is the next immediate step in wound evaluation?
• Which scenario requires admission for pyelonephritis?
• Which of the following is a clinical feature of hypoglycemia?
• What is the first-line treatment for adults with anaphylactic shock?
• Which of the following is a recommended frostbite treatment?
• Which of the following statements about hypothermia management is true?
• A right shift on the oxygen affinity curve is associated with which changes in pH, temperature, and PCO2?
• Gas bubbles forming in tissue and circulation causing acute occlusion and delayed inflammatory response describe which diving-related condition?
• Noninvasive ventilation is an alternative to intubation in which scenario?
• If no pulse is detected within how many seconds should CPR be initiated in an emergency?
• In suspected kidney stones, which imaging study is ordered?
• Which statement correctly describes correcting serum sodium in DKA?
• Ejection fraction is defined as which ratio?
• What is the recommended treatment for dog bites?
• Decompensated shock occurs when
• HUS is often preceded by which event?
• Which burn depth includes charring with involvement of epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and sometimes bone?
• Which finding would indicate cauda equina syndrome in a patient with back pain?
• What is the essential initial treatment component for heat emergencies?
• Which laboratory marker is used to confirm carbon monoxide poisoning?
• To anesthetize the green area near the medial eyebrow, which nerve should be targeted?
• A class I hemorrhage is a loss of what percent?
• Which of the following is an indication for packed red blood cell transfusion?
• Face sutures in place for _ days.
• Which description corresponds to 4th-degree frostbite?
• Thyroid storm is a life-threatening form of thyrotoxicosis most commonly seen in patients with which condition?
• Which symptom can indicate hypoglycemia?
• How would you describe the sensitivity of the straight leg raise test for detecting disc herniation?
• Which step is NOT part of outpatient management for less severe burns?
• What imaging should be ordered for suspected testicular torsion?
• What is included in the management of cat bites?
• Discharge criteria for patients with urinary stones mainly include which condition?
• Chillblains are characterized by edema, erythema and cyanosis appearing up to how many hours after exposure?
• Exposure to gas heat, smoke inhalation, acidosis or coma with flu-like symptoms progressing to coma indicates which poisoning?
• Which pair of vasoconstrictors can be administered with local anesthetic to prolong the block and reduce bleeding?
• What is the treatment for hypoglycemia with altered mental status?
• Which method is used to confirm endotracheal tube placement immediately after intubation?
• Which of the following are common opioid side effects?
• Delayed reactions to insect bites may include which combination of symptoms?
• Which is a typical feature of adrenal crisis?
• In suspected renal failure due to a vascular cause, which imaging feature helps assess perfusion?
• Which bite is associated with a target lesion after a pinprick sensation with induration, erythema, and blistering?
• Which color code is used to indicate the highest priority for life-saving interventions?
• In an emergency department, platelets should be considered for treatment under which criteria?
• Which skin finding is typical in neurogenic shock?
• Acetaminophen is considered safe for children older than how many weeks?
• SVR stands for which hemodynamic term?
• Dysbarism occurs due to pressure changes during which activities?
• Severe hyperglycemia without significant ketoacidosis is best described as which condition?
• What is the primary goal of Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)?
• Which class corresponds to the greatest blood loss?
• Which statement accurately describes electrical injuries from alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC)?
• What size suture can uncomplicated eyelid lacerations be closed with?
• In adults, what percent of total body surface area does the perineum contribute?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with rhabdomyolysis?
• During anaphylaxis, how does histamine affect bronchial smooth muscle?
• If penile fracture is suspected, which specialist should be consulted for definitive management?
• Which of the following is a sign of anemia?
• Which tool is used to quantify neurological status during resuscitation?
• A commonly used local anesthetic has an onset of about 5 minutes and lasts around 6 hours. Which agent is this?
• When can an alcoholic ketoacidosis patient be discharged?
• What is the normal range for the anion gap?
• Hyponatremia with sodium less than 125 mEq/L is treated with which therapy?
• Balanoposthitis is most commonly found in which population?
• Which of the following is a cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?
• For an infected dorsal hand laceration being treated on an outpatient basis, which antibiotic regimen is appropriate?
• Which organ is primarily affected in HUS?
• What is a key management step for thyroid storm?
• Lip wounds require antibiotics under which circumstance?
• Which laboratory pattern is typically seen in Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
• Which finding is most consistent with diabetic ketoacidosis?
• Which maneuvers are included in opening the airway for an unconscious patient with suspected airway obstruction?
• Which of the following is a sign/symptom of thyroid storm?
• Which finding would support a positive straight leg raise test in a patient with back pain?
• If back pain with suspected tumor, fracture or infection, what imaging would you order?
• To anesthetize the yellow area at the chin, which nerve should be targeted?
• Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease presents with which combination?
• Which of the following is NOT among the factors that predict difficulty with bag-valve mask ventilation (BVM)?
• During the straight leg raise test, a positive result is best indicated by pain occurring at what range of hip flexion?
• Which step in wound management involves removal of foreign bodies or hair?
• What is the recommended treatment approach for Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
• What is the term for stones located specifically in the ureter?
• What is the term for pretransfusion testing that includes blood type, Rh, and an antibody screen?
• A left shift on the oxygen affinity curve is associated with which changes in pH, temperature, and CO2?
• To anesthetize the red area near the cheek, which nerve should be targeted?
• Which of the following is NOT a red flag of back pain?
• Initial management of chemical burns includes which of the following?
• Which of the following is part of initial management for urinary stones?
• Which plasma-derived product is used to correct coagulation defects in bleeding patients with multiple deficiencies?
• Inability to reduce the proximal edematous foreskin distally over the glans is called?
• Pharmacologic therapies for hypothermia are ineffective below which core temperatures?
• Which condition causes pain that radiates from the buttock down the leg and can extend to the feet and toes?
• In a basic triage scheme, which color tag corresponds to third priority and allows patients to wait several hours for treatment?
• The metabolic acidosis state due to inadequate nutritional intake in chronic alcohol use is called what?
• Is isolated orchitis uncommon in adults and usually associated with epididymitis?
• Which antibiotic option is listed for high-risk puncture wounds?
• Which is NOT listed as a risk factor for rhabdomyolysis?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is evaluated when the patient dorsiflexes the wrist?
• Which of the following is part of the initial management of anaphylactic shock?
• What term describes circulatory insufficiency causing tissue hypoperfusion, metabolic acidosis, and decreased venous oxygen content?
• Which of the following is a red flag for back pain that may indicate infection or serious pathology?
• In medical terminology, infection of the urethra is called what?
• Under what condition is primary closure of a cat bite wound considered?
• Which statement lists the types of anemia that would have a normal MCV according to the material?
• Which physiologic sign is commonly associated with pain?
• Which technique is preferred for anesthetizing a facial laceration?
• Which are clinical features of platelet defects?
• Which description corresponds to 3rd-degree frostbite?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is tested by sensation at the first dorsal web space?
• In cardiogenic shock with pulmonary congestion, when should diuretics be used?
• What is the reversal agent for opioids?
• Which brand name corresponds to hydrocodone?
• After evaluation for kidney stones, which statement describes discharge planning?
• What bicarbonate level is specified as a treatment goal in DKA?
• Which analgesic is administered as a gas with a rapid onset, peaks in 1-2 minutes, must be delivered with oxygen, and is used for pediatric populations outside the USA?
• Which insect bite is classically associated with immediate pain and paresthesia and a positive tap test?
• What imaging study should be used to look for foreign bodies or bone destruction in an infected puncture wound?
• Cryoprecipitate is used to replace which factors?
• What type of burn is described by red, painful skin with no blistering, involving only the epidermis?
• Which of the following items constitute the 'big 6' must do's/asks when evaluating back pain?
• What is the treatment for bed bug bites?
• Neurogenic shock results from disruption of sympathetic outflow leading to unopposed parasympathetic activity. Which statement best describes this mechanism?
• Which is an example of a qualitative platelet defect?
• Which feature is typical of epididymitis?
• Which of the following is included in the initial management steps for hemorrhagic shock?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is evaluated when the patient abducts the thumb?
• Which puncture wounds are eligible for low-pressure irrigation?
• What is the most common bacteria to cause pyelonephritis?
• The nerve that provides sensation to the chin and lower lip and is targeted for mental area anesthesia is which?
• In the initial management of diabetic ketoacidosis, what is the first therapeutic priority?
• Weak plantar flexion of the great toe and foot with an inability to walk on toes and a diminished ankle jerk indicates compression of which nerve root?
• The medical term for survival after submersion with asphyxia is near drowning.
• 1% lidocaine contains which of the following mg per mL?
• A patient with sudden severe flank pain radiating to the groin most likely has which condition?
• Which nerve is tested by sensation at the volar tip of the little finger?
• Where is tenderness typically located in epididymitis?
• Which combination defines heat stroke?
• Ejection fraction is SV/EDV. What does EDV stand for?
• Which shift on the oxygen affinity curve increases the affinity for O2?
• Uncomplicated UTI meaning
• Hyponatremia is associated with which diagnosis?
• In the eye-opening component of the Glasgow Coma Scale, which description corresponds to the highest score?
• What is the treatment for spider bites?
• Which types of anemia would have a low MCV?
• What is the Parkland burn formula and how is it administered?
• Which finding is most consistent with testicular torsion?
• What is the general local reaction to bites and stings?
• Back pain with point tenderness to percussion should raise concern for which diagnosis?
• Which burn type increases risk of death and is important to evaluate for?
• For a laceration containing a foreign body, which closure approach is preferred?
• Balanoposthitis is inflammation of which structures?
• Bone metastases most commonly respond to which therapy?
• Which antibiotics are listed for dog bite infections?
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation is best described as which of the following?
• What is the cut-off time mentioned for attempting detorsion to salvage the testicle?
• In neurogenic shock, which combination of findings is most characteristic?
• Where do nonopioid analgesics primarily exert their effect compared with opioids?
• What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines?
• Hypercalcemia is most commonly seen with which cancers?
• During anaphylaxis, how does histamine affect vascular smooth muscle?
• Which presentation is classic for urinary stones?
• Which finding is not typical of cauda equina syndrome?
• Painful inflammatory lesions typically affecting the ears, hands, and feet from chronic exposure to intermittent damp conditions, presenting with edema, erythema and cyanosis up to 12 hours after exposure, are called what?
• In neurogenic shock, the severity of symptoms is related to the level of spinal injury, with higher injuries producing more severe effects. Which option best reflects this statement?
• Which blood product contains all coagulation factors and fibrinogen?
• During laryngoscopy, the BURP maneuver applies pressure in which direction set to improve the view?
• Death from laryngospasm and hypoxemia without aspiration.
• Which of the following is an oral opioid analgesic?
• As part of outpatient management for less severe burns, wounds should be kept covered from which exposure?
• What is the recommended initial treatment for adrenal crisis?
• Which statement best describes decompensation in shock?
• Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disturbance seen in which condition?
• What is the primary treatment for rhabdomyolysis?
• What is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency?
• Which nonpharmacologic measure is part of the initial management for epididymo-orchitis?
• Which of the following is part of the treatment for intrinsic renal failure?
• What is the fifth component of the ABCDEs in resuscitation?
• Which items are important to document when examining a wound?
• What is the recommended approach to remove a wood splinter?
• Where should you begin suturing for complicated lesions of the lips?
• What is the recommended management for high-pressure puncture wounds?
• Which sign is positive in epididymitis, indicating relief of pain with scrotal elevation?
• Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
• Which medication is a cornerstone in treating myxedema coma?
• What is the medical term for stones in the urinary tract?
• During the straight leg raise test, the patient is positioned how?
• If a patient has weakness of quadriceps extension and diminished knee reflex, which nerve root is compressed?
• Which antibiotic regimen is appropriate for epididymo-orchitis in sexually active men?
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation is most often triggered by which category of conditions?
• Which description best fits a back strain or sprain?
• Which ancillary studies should be ordered for suspected cardiogenic shock?
• Infection of the kidney and renal pelvis is called
• Which statement best describes the overall clinical utility of the straight leg raise test?
• Which description corresponds to 1st-degree frostbite (frostnip)?
• RSI stands for what in airway management?
• Which of the following is NOT a precipitating factor for thyroid storm?
• Initial management of electrical injuries includes which of the following?
• Midazolam is marketed under which brand name?
• Which statement describes airway management in suspected inhalation injury?
• Cryoprecipitate contains which combination of factors?
• Which management step is central to treating trench foot and chillblains?
• Which statement best describes the indications for dialysis in renal failure?
• Should ice be applied to burns?
• Which condition is an example of a qualitative platelet defect?
• What insulin infusion rate is used in DKA management?
• Which organism is commonly involved in hand wound infections?
• Which of the following is a sympatholytic effect of opioids?
• Which of the following conditions can cause cauda equina syndrome?
• In management of a septal hematoma, which approach is recommended?
• Clinical features of myxedema coma include which of the following?
• What is the ultimate goal of wound management?
• During the workup for hypothermia, which imaging is used to assess for infection or aspiration?
• Match the hyponatremia level to its recommended treatment.
• Which opioid is primarily excreted renally?
• What does the AVPU scale stand for in neurological assessment?
• What finding constitutes a positive straight leg raise test?
• What is the most common cause of disseminated intravascular coagulation?
• Gradual onset pain and swelling of one or both testes with fever is most consistent with which condition?
• What is the standard treatment for DKA?
• Opioids cause presynaptic ____ channels to close and postsynaptic ____ channels to open.
• What is the recommended epinephrine dose for adults with anaphylaxis?
• Prickly heat is caused by blockage of sweat pores. Which option lists the correct condition in the ordering used here?
• Which statement best describes the typical progression of symptoms after smoke exposure leading to carbon monoxide poisoning?
• Which statement best describes the diagnostic criteria for diabetic ketoacidosis?
• Which of the following is included in the management of neurogenic shock?
• Cardiogenic shock is shock caused by
• What type of burn is described by blistering with exposed dermis red and moist and very painful?
• What verbal response corresponds to a score of 5 on the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• Which glucocorticoid is given intravenously in adrenal crisis?
• A right shift on the oxygen affinity curve would result in what change to P50?
• Painful cramps in heavily exercised skeletal muscle are characteristic of which heat-related condition?
• Urethritis is commonly associated with which clinical feature?
• IV immunoglobulins (IVIG) are used for which conditions?
• Which diagnostic test should be used to evaluate urethral injury in penile fracture?
• Which color code indicates that patients are sick but care can be delayed 45-60 minutes?
• Which of the following statements about blood products is true?
• What is the primary purpose of a neuromuscular blocking agent during RSI?
• Which non-opioid drug has onset 30 seconds to 2 minutes and is a muscle relaxant that can cause phlebitis when given IV?
• Which of the following is a potential complication of rhabdomyolysis besides renal failure?
• Infections of dorsal hand lacerations are most commonly caused by which organism?
• What is the initial management for back sprain/strain?
• Which statement best describes the management of tendon lacerations?
• What is the treatment for post-renal renal failure?
• Injury with high voltage electrical exposure is commonly associated with which condition requiring monitoring for rhabdomyolysis?
• Which color code indicates a patient who is dead or likely to die?
• What is the general approach to anemia treatment when transfusion is planned?
• Which product is commonly used to replace multiple coagulation factors in bleeding due to liver disease?
• Back pain with major motor weakness should raise concern for which cause?
• In DKA, how is potassium status typically described?
• What is the recommended management for viral orchitis?
• What is the treatment for scabies?
• In sickle cell disease, an elevated reticulocyte count with splenomegaly most likely indicates which complication?
• Which statement best describes the straight leg raise test in the context of disc herniation?
• What suture size is appropriate for lower-extremity wounds?
• Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease is a pulmonary complication that is most often associated with which trigger?
• What is a common initial treatment for hypercalcemia?
• Survival following asphyxia due to submerging.
• What is the composition of the majority of urinary stones?
• What is the treatment for hypoglycemia if no IV access is available?
• Which technique provides the most reliable immediate confirmation of endotracheal tube placement?
• Toxic doses of ibuprofen start at which mg/kg/day?
• Which opioid is primarily given IV and PO and has an onset of 5 minutes and peaks in 5-15 minutes; duration greater than 5 hours?
• This opioid can be given via IV, IM, PO, SQ and has a 1-3 min onset that lasts for 4-6 hours; it is metabolized in the liver and excreted renally.
• In adults, what percent of total body surface area does the whole head represent?
• Which description corresponds to 2nd-degree frostbite?
• Why should aggressive rubbing be avoided in hypothermia treatment?
• Which arrhythmia is commonly associated with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
• Hyponatremia with sodium greater than 125 mEq/L is typically treated with which measure?
• Back pain with a positive straight-leg raise test most often indicates which diagnosis?
• If a wound is high risk for infection, when should antibiotics be started?
• What should you always inspect nose wounds for?
• Burn victims requiring transfer to a specialty burn unit are typically those with which condition?
• Scalp sutures in place for ___ days.
• Which nerve is indicated by sensation testing at the first dorsal web space of the hand?
• The condition characterized by skeletal muscle injury with necrosis and release of intracellular contents is called?
• Which diagnostic test should be obtained for every patient with DKA or HHS to assess for electrolyte disturbances and potential underlying causes such as myocardial infarction?
• Which type of laceration typically requires operative repair?
• Which of the following is an indication to remove a foreign body from a wound?
• Initial treatment for human bites causing lacerations?
• Which items constitute a procedure note?
• What is the recommended treatment for alcoholic ketoacidosis?
• Which of the following is a treatment option for priapism?
• Which brand name corresponds to hydromorphone?
• What is a potential limitation of the straight leg raise test when considering disc herniation?
• What is a recommended treatment approach for insect bites and stings that provoke a reaction?
• Which statement best describes blood pressure in shock?
• What is the last step in wound evaluation, if needed?
• If a straight leg raise test is negative, what is the most appropriate clinical interpretation?
• Anaphylactic shock is best defined as which?
• Hyponatremia with sodium less than 120 mEq/L is treated with which therapy?
• Which areas are sites where life-threatening hemorrhage can occur?
• What venous pH level is considered a treatment target in DKA?
• Which statement reflects the implication of a negative straight leg raise test in suspected disc herniation?
• For anesthesia of a facial region during laceration repair, which technique is described as appropriate?
• Which lab value is markedly elevated in rhabdomyolysis?
• Mean arterial pressure is calculated as which of the following relationships?
• Platelet transfusion is indicated in disseminated intravascular coagulation when platelets are within which range if there is active bleeding?
• Which item is NOT part of the big 6 must do's/asks when evaluating back pain?
• What is the immediate intervention for an obstructed airway?
• In the initial assessment of a near-drowning patient, which of the following steps is recommended?
• Which of the following are common clinical features of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
• In adults and children over 1 year, which pulse site is checked first when assessing circulation?
• Which laboratory studies are typically obtained in evaluating cardiogenic shock?
• In Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS), which osmolality level is typically observed?
• Why is bupivacaine added to lidocaine for local anesthesia?
• A class III hemorrhage is a loss of what percent?
• If alkalosis occurs with lower temperature and CO2, what shift on the O2 affinity curve occurs?
• In a patient with back pain and a history of IV drug use, which differential diagnoses should be considered?
• In suspected penile fracture, which diagnostic study should be ordered to evaluate urethral injury?
• Which medication from the thyroid storm management group is an antithyroid drug?
• Which statement about potassium in diabetic ketoacidosis is accurate?
• What is the initial management for testicular torsion?
• Cardiac output is calculated as which of the following?
• How can the diagnosis of hypoglycemia be made?
• Disposition largely based on for near-drowning?
• Hypercalcemia is most commonly seen with which malignancies?
• Which type of shock results from acute blood loss?
• Which of the following is a common early sign of hypothermia?
• Which assessment is part of the work-up for lightning injuries?
• In the initial near-drowning evaluation, which test is routinely performed?
• Which benzodiazepine is associated with amnesia and has an onset of 3-5 minutes, declining over 30-40 minutes?
• In adults, what percent of total body surface area does each leg (including both front and back) represent?
• Which symptoms may occur during a delayed reaction to an insect bite or sting?
• What type of burn is described by blistering with exposed dermis pale white/yellow, with no cap refill and absent pain sensation in deeper areas?
• Which of the following are reperfusion strategies in cardiogenic shock?
• Which local anesthetic has an onset around 5 minutes and a duration of about 6 hours?
• What is the maximum possible Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• When evaluating upper-extremity wounds, which of the following statements is true regarding patient history and physical examination?
• In adults, the anterior chest represents what percent of body surface area when estimating burns?
• What is the most common causative agent of infection with puncture wounds?
• Field blocks require lower concentrations of local anesthetic than nerve blocks.
• Eyelid wounds should be referred if they involve which structures?
• Which local anesthetic is used on the eyes and provides immediate results?
• Which statement is not a typical factor used to diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis?
• Who was the first developer of academic emergency medicine?
• Which opioid does not release histamine?
• Never clip or shave which area during wound preparation?
• Which agent is listed as a vasopressor or inotrope for cardiogenic shock?
• Back pain with fever should raise suspicion for which etiology?
• Which of the following is listed as an admission criterion for urinary stone management?
• Which statement accurately describes the two broad categories of platelet defects?
• During resuscitation, which area is evaluated first?
• What are the initial management priorities for a burn patient?
• Which respiratory pattern is classically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?
• A class IV hemorrhage is a loss of what percent?
• Which insect can cause a sterile pustule that evolves over 6-24 hours and may cause necrosis and scarring?
• What is the purpose of placing a Foley catheter in burn management?
• Which airway cannot be used in a conscious patient due to gag reflex?
• In trench foot, feet may be painful after rewarming for how long?
• Which organisms commonly infect human bite wounds?
• EMTALA is colloquially described as which law?
• What is the range of the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• In suspected hypothermia, which temperature measurement is used to assess core temperature?
• Which medication is used IV for SVT if non-pharmacologic maneuvers fail?
• What is the typical healing time for a back sprain/strain?
• This opioid is discouraged due to large histamine release, toxic metabolite that may cause seizures, and can be fatal if given with an MAOI.
• Which of the following is NOT listed among the common predictors for difficulty with bag-valve mask ventilation?
• In a patient with renal failure who is mild, has a clear cause, no complications, and access to follow-up care, what is the most appropriate disposition?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is tested by sensation at the volar tip of the index finger?
• In a patient with sulfonylurea–induced hypoglycemia, what is the recommended initial management?
• What is the treatment for cauda equina syndrome?
• In myxedema, what is the expected pattern of T3, T4, and TSH?
• This topical local anesthetic can be applied directly to intact skin.
• Pyelonephritis is an infection of which anatomical structures?
• What should be done in the ED for paraphimosis?
• In heat emergencies, ICU admission is most likely required for which scenario?
• Which chest X-ray findings are commonly associated with cardiogenic shock?
• What is the IV dose for morphine sulfate?
• Which labs and diagnostics should be ordered for thermal injuries?
• Which induction agent is preferred for a patient who is hypotensive or has bronchospasm?
• Which of the following is NOT typically used in the initial management of electrical injuries?
• Which patient requires admission after a hypoglycemic episode?
• For suspected SVC syndrome with neurologic deficit, which treatment is indicated?
• What is the imaging modality of choice for epididymitis?
• Which of the following is included in the treatment plan for trench foot and chillblains?
• In management of alcoholic ketoacidosis, which IV fluid regimen is preferred?
• What is the angle range associated with a positive straight leg raise for disc herniation?
• Which sign is negative in testicular torsion and positive in epididymo-orchitis?
• For chemical burns caused by sodium, potassium, calcium, or lithium, which first-aid measure is preferred?
• Which of the following is an example of a cause of cardiogenic shock?
• If back pain with neurological deficit, what imaging would be best?
• Which laboratory test is part of evaluating suspected pyelonephritis?
• What is the recommended approach to cooling burns?
• Which action is related to temperature control as an exposure/environmental measure during resuscitation?
• A common laboratory finding in pyelonephritis is which of the following?
• In patients with back pain and a history of IV drug use, which diagnosis is particularly important to consider?
• Which laboratory test is typically used to evaluate anemia?
• Which statement best describes anemia treatment when transfusion is indicated?
• In triage, which color denotes the second priority with care delayed 45-60 minutes?
• Initial management for decompression sickness.
• What is the initial treatment for hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock?
• Which therapy is considered definitive for decompression sickness?
• What is the treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?
• What is the study of choice for evaluating renal failure?
• Which test should be documented when evaluating lower-extremity injuries?
• In cauda equina syndrome, which symptom tends to present early?
• In the workup for suspected hypothermia, which item is included?
• Leftward shift on the oxygen affinity curve would cause what change in oxygen unloading to tissues?
• Which is a clinical feature of renal failure?
• 1% lidocaine solution contains how many milligrams per milliliter?
• In resuscitation, the DEs stand for which two components?
• What type of dressing is recommended for outpatient management of less severe burns?
• Which of the following is a primary approach to treating disseminated intravascular coagulation?
• In triage, which color denotes the first priority?
• The topical anesthetic Emla consists of which two drugs?
• Which measure describes the percentage of oxygen remaining in the blood returning to the lungs, typically sampled from the pulmonary artery via a pulmonary artery catheter?
• Which physiologic sign is commonly associated with pain and can be present in acute distress?
• A UTI can present as either acute _______ or acute ________
• Which burn depth is described as destruction of epidermis and dermis with exposed dermis, very painful?
• Which drug is a non-opioid benzodiazepine used as a muscle relaxant and can cause phlebitis when given IV?
• What imaging is emergently needed when cauda equina syndrome is suspected?
• Which blood product is primarily used to replace fibrinogen in bleeding disorders?
• Inability to retract the foreskin is called?
• Which routes are appropriate for morphine administration?
• Cryoprecipitate is derived from which product?
• Which federal law requires that anyone arriving at an emergency department be stabilized and treated regardless of insurance status or ability to pay?
• Injection of an anesthetic into and around a nerve or group of nerves is called a?
• Which topical agent is commonly used for minor burns but should be avoided on the face due to staining?
• Neurogenic shock is defined as shock that occurs after injury to the spinal cord with disruption of sympathetic outflow, resulting in unopposed vagal tone. What is the name of this condition?
• What is the treatment of choice for a pathologic fracture?
• What is the term for acute life-threatening adrenal insufficiency?
• What is the minimal urine output that a burn patient should have?
• Soft tissue injury from prolonged exposure to nonfreezing cold and moisture with pale, mottled, pulseless and numb feet that does not rapidly improve with rewarming and may be painful for 2-3 days after rewarming is known as what?
• Which laboratory tests are commonly ordered in suspected kidney stones?
• Which complication should be checked for in lightning injuries during the work-up?
• Which describes quantitative platelet defects?
• In rhabdomyolysis due to exertional causes, which patient is typically considered safe for discharge?
• A decreased reticulocyte count in sickle cell disease most strongly suggests which complication?
• Which sequence correctly lists the steps of evaluating a wound?
• Which option is NOT a red flag for cancer in back pain?
• Which treatment is included in the management of acute chest syndrome?
• The smaller the suture, the _____ throws needed to form a secure knot.
• What is the initial step in rapid sequence intubation?
• Which statement about diabetic ketoacidosis is true?
• Which insect bite causes intense pruritus with burrows concentrated on web spaces, fingers, and toes?
• Hypothermia is defined as a body temperature less than what value?
• In the management of high-pressure puncture wounds, which statement is true?
• Weak dorsiflexion of the great toe and foot with an inability to walk on the heels indicates compression of which nerve root?
• This opioid is synthetic, has immediate onset and lasts 30 minutes; can be given as a lollipop and does not release histamine.
• What is the treatment for pre-renal renal failure?
• What is a first-line outpatient antibiotic option for pyelonephritis?
• In a triage system, which level indicates that patients are dead or have a very poor chance of survival?
• Which presentation best suggests cauda equina syndrome?
• Under what condition can a patient with hypoglycemia be discharged from the ED?
• In alcoholic ketoacidosis, which agent should be given first during treatment?
• What term describes self-limited edema that can occur with initial warmth exposure?
• Which of the following is NOT typically considered an H or T cause of cardiac arrest?
• What is the initial compensatory method during shock?
• Where should you begin suturing for lesions of the nose?
• What are the three main sections of the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• Escharotomy is performed to relieve constriction from burned tissue in which area to aid breathing?
• What is the most common cause of acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease?
• Which sign indicates airway involvement in burn patients?
• Elevated lactate is most commonly associated with which scenario?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with cystitis?
• Which nerve is tested by sensation at the volar tip of the index finger?
• During DKA treatment, how often should labs be monitored and neuro checks performed?
• The 1984 death of an 18-year-old female in a New York hospital leading to changes in medical training is commonly known as which case?
• Which statement is true about noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation modalities?
• Which laboratory value is important to measure for carbon monoxide poisoning?
• Which imaging study is used to diagnose SVC syndrome?
• Which symptom cluster is typical of a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease?
• In insect bite or sting reactions, is the severity greater with quicker or more delayed onset?
• Which condition would warrant admission for a patient with a urinary stone?
• In the management of hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock, which option best describes an essential step?
• Which sequence correctly lists the general steps of rapid sequence intubation (RSI)?
• Which knot is described for tendon repair in the material?
• Which statement is true regarding chemical burns from alkali or reactive metals (sodium, potassium, calcium, lithium)?
• Which pair of vasoconstrictors is commonly used with local anesthetic to prolong the block and decrease bleeding?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?
• In adults, what percent of total body surface area does each arm contribute?
• EMTALA applies to which patients presenting to the ED?
• An eyelid wound with ptosis should be referred.
• Indicators of poor prognosis following near drowning.
• How is the anion gap calculated?
• Which of the following are clinical features of alcoholic ketoacidosis?
• What is the treatment for balanoposthitis?
• This local anesthetic is commonly used and has an onset of 2-5 minutes and lasts for 2-3 hours.
• Which combination of symptoms is commonly seen in diabetic ketoacidosis?
• A medical condition that results from pressure changes that occur when a person descends in water or ascends in altitude.
• What is the preferred method for protecting the airway in emergency airway management?
• How is the patient positioned to perform the straight leg raise test?
• NSAIDs like aspirin, naproxen, and ibuprofen are safe for children after what age?
• Which EKG finding is classically associated with hypothermia?
• What is the purpose of using pressure monitoring devices in cardiogenic shock?
• Uncomplicated UTI features
• Which test is used to document a lower-extremity injury?
• Which of the following is an H or T cause of cardiac arrest?
• Which bacterium is commonly associated with cat bite infections?
• Which of the following is an initial step in treating an insect sting reaction?
• Which statement best describes the management approach for suspected cauda equina syndrome?
• A positive straight leg raise test most commonly suggests herniation at which disc levels?
• Which statement about dog bite infections is accurate?
• Which statement best summarizes the diagnostic utility of the straight leg raise test for disc herniation?
• This results from breathing compressed air for excessive depth and time while diving and causes excessive bubble formation in tissue and circulation causing acute occlusive and delayed inflammatory response.
• Initial management steps for myxedema coma include which of the following?
• Gastritis, pancreatitis, or hepatitis may accompany which metabolic state following heavy alcohol use?
• Which is a complication of rhabdomyolysis?
• A class II hemorrhage is a loss of what percent?
• Which of the following is a cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?
• Opioids are excreted primarily by which route?
• Which term denotes the stage of shock in which compensatory mechanisms maintain perfusion and blood pressure?
• IVIG is derived from which source?
• To anesthetize the blue area near the eye, which nerve should be targeted?
• Is cardiac monitoring indicated in a healthy person who has been tasered?
• Near-drowning disposition when GCS is greater than 13 and oxygen saturation over 95%?
• In outpatient burn care, when should blisters be debrided?
• Which burn depth involves charring present, with epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and sometimes bone involved?
• Which intervention may be required in high-voltage electrical injuries due to potential deep tissue damage and rhabdomyolysis?
• Which symptom is characteristic of frostbite?
• Which condition is associated with decreased vasomotor tone and peripheral pooling in poorly acclimatized individuals during heat exposure?
• In burn management, why is maintaining body warmth important?
• The BURP maneuver improves the laryngoscopic view of the glottic opening by applying pressure in which direction set?
• Which is a first-line non-pharmacologic treatment for stable supraventricular tachycardia?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is tested by sensation at the volar tip of the little finger?
• Which laboratory value supports the presence of metabolic acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis?
• Which statement is true about frostbite?
• Which drug is commonly used as a pre-treatment during RSI to blunt sympathetic response and reduce risk during intubation?
• In diabetic ketoacidosis, how should sodium be corrected for hyperglycemia?
• Which opioid has a toxic metabolite that may cause seizures?
• Which findings are clinical indicators of inhalation injury?
• Which statement about decompression sickness is true?
• Which finding is a red flag for back pain indicating possible nerve root involvement?
• What is the distinctive feathering marking seen on lightning strike victims?
• During resuscitation with a pulse, how often should breaths be delivered?
• What is the first step in wound evaluation?
• In hypoglycemia due to long-acting sulfonylureas, what may be needed after initial dextrose therapy?
• Back pain with unexpected anal sphincter laxity suggests which serious condition?
• Frostbite is classified by which factors?
• In this thrombotic microangiopathy, what two hematologic abnormalities are expected?
• Which items are included in the general treatment plan for cardiogenic shock?
• Which burn is described as waxy, leathery and lifeless, with death of all skin layers?
• Before performing a digital block, what physical exam should you perform?
• Which motor response corresponds to a score of 6 on the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• Which item is included in a standard procedure note?
• Which blood product has the highest oxygen-carrying capacity per unit and is used to increase hemoglobin?
• Which frostbite degree is associated with hemorrhagic bullae and skin necrosis?
• Hepatotoxicity starts at which mg/kg/day with acetaminophen?
• In which scenario should a urine culture be obtained for suspected UTI?
• Which nerve is responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers?
• Which of the following is NOT accurate about the straight leg raise test for disc herniation?
• What is the ketone status typically seen in Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
• Which of the following is NOT a red flag for cancer in a patient with back pain?
• Which insect bite causes immediate pain and paresthesia with a positive tap test, and what is the treatment?
• What is recommended in the treatment of hypothermia?
• Which disease is described by the triad of hemolytic anemia, acute kidney failure, and thrombocytopenia, often after bloody diarrhea due to E. coli?
• Which test is essential to evaluate suspected diabetic ketoacidosis?
• When evaluating wounds of the upper extremity, which steps are appropriate to include in the assessment?
• In adults, what percent of total body surface area does the back constitute?
• In a pregnant patient with suspected kidney stones, which imaging modality is preferred?
• During Parkland fluid resuscitation, which parameter is used to gauge adequacy of resuscitation?
• Which symptom combination is most characteristic of pyelonephritis?
• During upper-extremity wound assessment, which nerve is evaluated when the digits are adducted and abducted?
• What does ABCs stand for in emergency management?
• Which clinical scenario would most support ordering a straight leg raising test to evaluate possible disc herniation?
• Which testing scenario includes a general antibody screen but does not attempt crossmatching for donor cells in urgent transfusion?
• Which of the following is not typically part of the initial management of neurogenic shock?
• Which lab finding would strongly lead you to the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis?
• If outpatient treatment for pyelonephritis fails, which antibiotic combination is recommended?
• Bone metastases typically originate from which primary sites?
• During anaphylaxis, how does histamine affect cardiac function?
• What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
• In urgent transfusion management, which test checks compatibility between the patient and donor blood?
• Severe hypothyroidism with decreased mental status and hypothermia precipitated by infection, cold exposure, or trauma describes which condition?
• Percocet contains which opioid?
• _________ is the most common diving affliction and is caused by the direct mechanical effects of pressure.